Basic Information

Symbol
MALAT1
RNA class
lncRNA
Alias
ENSG00000251562 ENSG00000251562.3 ENSG00000251562.7 ENSG00000251562.8 HCN LINC00047 MALAT-1 NCRNA00047 NEAT2 Neat2 OTTHUMG00000166322.1 PRO1073 mascRNA
Location (GRCh38)
11:65496267-65509085
UCSC Genome Browser Search in Marker Scope
Forensic tag(s)
Cause of death analysis Sudden cardiac death diagnosis Mechanical injury analysis Wound age identification
External database
HGNC NCBI Ensembl OMIM LNCipedia RNAcentral

Transcripts

ID Sequence Length GC content
MALAT1:19 UAUAAAUACGCCUCGCCCGAGCUGUGCGGUAGGCAUUGAGGCAGCCAGC… 5555 nt 0.3788
MALAT1:2 CACCGGUUGCGCAGUCCCUCCCCGCCCCCGCUCUCCCCUCCGCAGCCUG… 7717 nt 0.3951
MALAT1:20 GGUAGGCAUUGAGGCAGCCAGCGCAGGGGCUUCUGCUGAGGGGGCAGGC… 352 nt 0.3778
MALAT1:21 GGUAGGCAUUGAGGCAGCCAGCGCAGGGGCUUCUGCUGAGGGGGCAGGC… 480 nt 0.3583
MALAT1:22 GGUAGGCAUUGAGGCAGCCAGCGCAGGGGCUUCUGCUGAGGGGGCAGGC… 394 nt 0.3452
MALAT1:23 AGGCAUUGAGGCAGCCAGCGCAGGGGCUUCUGCUGAGGGGGCAGGCGGA… 4585 nt 0.3727
MALAT1:24 GGCAGCCAGCGCAGGGGCUUCUGCUGAGGGGGCAGGCGGAGCUUGAGGA… 4735 nt 0.3903
MALAT1:25 GCCAGCGCAGGGGCUUCUGCUGAGGGGGCAGGCGGAGCUUGAGGAAACC… 5259 nt 0.3921
MALAT1:26 GCCAGCGCAGGGGCUUCUGCUGAGGGGGCAGGCGGAGCUUGAGGAAACC… 5243 nt 0.3935
MALAT1:27 CCAGCGCAGGGGCUUCUGCUGAGGGGGCAGGCGGAGCUUGAGGAAACCG… 6301 nt 0.3879
Showing 11 to 20 of 53 entries
Summary

This gene produces a precursor transcript from which a long non-coding RNA is derived by RNase P cleavage of a tRNA-like small ncRNA (known as mascRNA) from its 3' end. The resultant mature transcript lacks a canonical poly(A) tail but is instead stabilized by a 3' triple helical structure. This transcript is retained in the nucleus where it is thought to form molecular scaffolds for ribonucleoprotein complexes. It may act as a transcriptional regulator for numerous genes, including some genes involved in cancer metastasis and cell migration, and it is involved in cell cycle regulation. Its upregulation in multiple cancerous tissues has been associated with the proliferation and metastasis of tumor cells. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2015]

Forensic Context

A study in mice demonstrated that the MALAT1 was regulated in whole blood after whole-body X-ray irradiation, showing significant changes in the lncFinder assay at 16 hours post-8 Gy and 48 hours post-12 Gy [Aryankalayil et al. DOI:10.1667/RR14891.1]. A separate review noted that the MALAT1 is implicated in promoting cardiac fibrosis by downregulating miR-145 and is involved in atherosclerotic vascular diseases, where its deletion in vascular smooth muscle cells restored contractile protein expression and inhibited aneurysm growth [Chih-Fan Yeh et al. DOI:10.1186/s12929-020-00647-w]. A study in mice demonstrated that the MALAT1 (Malat1) was significantly upregulated in gastrocnemius muscle at days 3 and 6 following a contusion injury, and its expression showed positive correlations with key regulatory factors including TGF-β1, inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, IL-6, TNF-α), myogenic factors (MyoD, myogenin), and angiogenic factors (HIF-1α, Angpt1) during skeletal muscle regeneration [Zheng et al. DOI:10.3892/etm.2019.7871].